Approved indication:

• No approved nephrology disease indications – used for immunosuppressive qualities

MOA:

• Exact mechanism unknown – related to antagonizing purine metabolism, which may inhibit the synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins¹⁶

Dosing:

• 1.5-2.5 mg/kg once daily¹⁰

Adverse effects:

• Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting¹⁶

Treatment for:

Approved indication:

• No approved nephrology disease indications – used for immunosuppressive qualities¹⁷

MOA:

• Alkylating agent that interferes with DNA replication and induces cell apoptosis, leading to T and B cell lymphopenia¹⁸

Dosing:

• 0.15–0.2 mg/kg once daily¹⁰

Adverse effects:

• Sterile cystitis, infertility, leukemia, secondary malignancies¹⁷

Treatment for:

Approved indication:

• Minimal change disease (pediatrics)¹⁹

MOA:

• Alkylating agent that interferes with DNA replication and induces cell apoptosis, leading to T and B cell lymphopenia¹⁸

Dosing:

• 2 mg/kg orally

Adverse effects:

• Renal failure/impairment, hemorrhagic cystitis, bladder cancer, hematuria, sterility, infertility¹⁸

Treatment for: